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Sleep is essential to maintaining normal levels of cognitive skills like speech, memory formation and flexible thinking. During sleep, your body rests and restores its energy levels, repairs and regenerates cells, and strengthens the immune system. After a good night's sleep, you wake up recharged, more alert and better able to cope with problems and stress. Chronic lack of sleep increases the risks of developing hypertension, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and infections.
Examples of sleep disorders are sleep apnoea (life-threatening condition in which breathing is repeatedly interrupted due to partial or total collapse of airways while one sleeps), insomnia, and narcolepsy (a sudden, uncontrollable need to sleep, occurring at irregular intervals, especially during daytime).
How much sleep one needs depends on many factors, especially age. Most adults need seven to eight hours a night.
Sleep management aims to help people deal with sleep problems and recover their ability to get an optimum amount of rest each night. Lifestyle and behavioural modifications are usually the first options. Treatments may focus on changing unhealthy habits and the way one thinks about sleep. Other therapies include relaxation techniques and the use of short-term medication. Sometimes a combination of therapies works best.
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